विवाहःMarriage
Verse 241
दूर्वाक्षताभ्यां जामातुर्विधृत्य जानु दक्षिणम् । स्मृत्वा विष्णुं तत्सदिति मासपक्षतिथीस्ततः ॥ २४१ ॥
dūrvākṣatābhyāṁ jāmāturvidhṛtya jānu dakṣiṇam | smṛtvā viṣṇuṁ tatsaditi māsapakṣatithīstataḥ || 241 ||
Translation
Holding the son-in-law's right knee with dūrvā grass and unbroken rice, remembering Viṣṇu and saying "tat sat", then the month, the fortnight and the lunar day,
Word by word
- dūrvā
- with dūrvā grass
- akṣatābhyāṁ
- and unbroken rice
- jāmātuḥ
- (jāmātuḥ) of the son-in-law
- vidhṛtya
- having held
- jānu
- the knee
- dakṣiṇam
- (dakṣiṇam) right
- smṛtvā
- having remembered
- viṣṇuṁ
- Viṣṇu
- tatsat
- (tat sat) "tat sat"
- iti
- thus
- māsa
- the month
- pakṣa
- the fortnight
- tithīḥ
- (tithīḥ) and the lunar day
- tataḥ
- (tataḥ) then
Meaning
Verses 241-244 give the vow by which the giver chooses the bridegroom. The commentary writes out the whole formula: "viṣṇur oṁ tat sat; adya amuka-māsi amuka-pakṣe amuka-tithau amuka-rāśi-sthite bhāskare...", "Viṣṇu, oṁ tat sat. Today, in such a month, such a fortnight, on such a lunar day, the Sun standing in such a sign...". Dūrvā grass and akṣata (unbroken rice) are signs of long life and wholeness.
Commentary
Hariharānanda Bhāratī’s Sanskrit commentary, translated
"Dūrvā" and the rest. Then, holding the right knee of the son-in-law, the bridegroom, with dūrvā grass and unbroken rice, first remembering Viṣṇu, then saying "tat sat", then naming the month and the other occasions, then uttering for each of the three generations of the bridegroom, from his great-grandfather to his father, the names with gotra and pravara in the genitive, then naming the bridegroom in the accusative with his gotra and pravara; then likewise naming the girl, with the names of the three generations of the girl from her great-grandfather to her father in the genitive with gotra and pravara, and then the girl herself in the accusative with her gotra and pravara, the learned giver, saying "by the brāhmya form of marriage, to give her to you", should declare "vṛṇe 'ham", "I choose". Put together: viṣṇur oṁ tat sat; adya amuka-māsi amuka-pakṣe amuka-tithau amuka-rāśi-sthite bhāskare, amuka-gotraḥ śrī amuka-devaśarmā, amuka-gotrasya amuka-pravarasya śrīmato amuka-devaśarmaṇaḥ prapautram, amuka-gotrasya amuka-pravarasyaamuka-gotrasya amuka-pravarasya śrīmato amuka-devaśarmaṇaḥ pautram, amuka-gotrasya amuka-pravarasya śrīmato amuka-devaśarmaṇaḥ putram, amuka-gotram amuka-pravaraṁ śrīmantam amuka-devaśarmāṇaṁ varam; amuka-gotrasya amuka-pravarasya śrīmato amuka-devaśarmaṇaḥ prapautrīm, pautrīm, putrīm, amuka-gotrām amuka-pravarām amukīṁ devīṁ kanyāṁ brāhmodvāhena dātuṁ bhavantam ahaṁ vṛṇe: this is the sentence that results. With this sentence, with dūrvā and unbroken rice, he should choose the excellent bridegroom. [In sense: "Om, Viṣṇu, tat sat. Today, in such a month, such a fortnight, such a lunar day, the Sun standing in such a sign, I, so-and-so Devaśarman of such a gotra, choose you, the bridegroom, so-and-so, of such a gotra and pravara, great-grandson, grandson and son of so-and-so, to give you, by the brāhma form of marriage, the maiden so-and-so, of such a gotra and pravara, great-granddaughter, granddaughter and daughter of so-and-so."]